The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models illustrated and described in the chapter “Paleoneurology of Artiodactyla, an overview of the evolution of the artiodactyl brain” (Orliac et al. 2022) published in "Paleoneurology of amniotes: new directions in the study of fossil endocasts", edited by Dozo, Paulina-Carabajal, Macrini and Walsh.
  

Homacodon vagans AMNH 12695 View specimen

M3#1063_AMNH 12695 Endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1063

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Helohyus sp. AMNH 13079 View specimen

M3#1064_AMNH 13079 Endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1064

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Leptauchenia sp. AMNH 45508 View specimen

M3#1065_AMNH 45508 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1065

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Agriochoerus sp. AMNH 95330 View specimen

M3#1067_AMNH 95330 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1067

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Mouillacitherium elegans UM ACQ 6625 View specimen

M3#1068_UM ACQ 6625 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1068

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Caenomeryx filholi UM PDS 2570 View specimen

M3#1069_UM PDS 2570 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1069

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Dichobune leporina MNHN.F.QU16586 View specimen

M3#1070_MNHN.F.QU16586 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1070

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Anoplotherium sp. not numbered View specimen

M3#1071_not numbered endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1071

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Our knowledge of the external brain morphology of the late Eocene artiodactyl ungulate Mixtotherium, relies on a plaster model realized on a specimen from the Victor Brun Museum in Montauban (France) and described by Dechaseaux (1973). Here, based on micro CT-scan data, we virtually reconstruct the 3D cast of the empty cavity of the partial cranium MA PHQ 716 from the Victor Brun Museum and compare it to the plaster model illustrated and described by Dechaseaux (1973). Indeed, the specimen from which the original plaster endocast originates was not identified by Dechaseaux by a specimen number. We confirm here that the studied specimen was indeed the one described and illustrated by Dechaseaux (1973). We also reconstruct a second, more detailed, model providing additional morphological and quantitative observations made available by micro CT scan investigation such as precisions on the neopallium folding and endocranial volumes.
  

Mixtotherium cuspidatum MA PHQ 716 View specimen

M3#857_MA PHQ 716 endocast of the brain cavity Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.857

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This note presents the 3D model of the hemi-mandible UM-PAT 159 of the MP7 Diacodexis species D. cf. gigasei and 3D models corresponding to the restoration of the ascending ramus, broken on the original specimen, and to a restoration of a complete mandible based on the preserved left hemi-mandible.  

Diacodexis cf. gigasei UMPAT159 View specimen

	M3#315_UMPAT159 3D models of UM PAT 159 after the restoration of the ascending ramus Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.315	Download 3D data
	M3#316_UMPAT159 restoration of a complete mandible based on the preserved left hemi-mandible UM PAT 159 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.316	Download 3D data
	M3#317_UMPAT159 3D model of the hemi-mandible UM PAT 159 Type: "3D_surfaces" 3D view: doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.317	Download 3D data