The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in Hendrickx, C. and Bell, P. R. 2021. The scaly skin of the abelisaurid Carnotaurus sastrei (Theropoda: Ceratosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia. Cretaceous Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104994 

Carnotaurus sastrei MACN 894 View specimen

M3#802 3D reconstruction of the biggest patch of skin (~1200 cm2) from the anterior tail region of the holotype of Carnotaurus, which is the largest single patch of squamous integument available for any saurischian. The skin consists of medium to large (up to 65 mm in diameter) conical feature scales surrounded by a network of low and small (< 14 mm) irregular basement scales separated by narrow interstitial tissue. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.802   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Keppeler, H., Schultz, J. A., Ruf, I., & Martin, T., 2023. Cranial anatomy of Hypisodus minimus (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia) from the Oligocene Brule Formation of North America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A. 

Hypisodus minimus SMNK-PAL 27212 View specimen

	M3#1031 CT image stack of a skull of Hypisodus minimus. Also includes a lumbar vertebra and a probable proximal phalanx of digit III or IV. Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1031   state:published	Download CT data
	M3#1036 3D surface models of a skull of Hypisodus minimus (SMNK-PAL27212). The data includes a surface model for: basisphenoid, tympanic bullae, ethmoid (lamina perpendicularis), frontals, jugal (left), jugal (right), lacrimals, lower dentition, mandibles, mastoid processes, maxillaries, maxilloturbinals, nasals, occipital, palatine, parietals, petrosals, presphenoid, squamosals, turbinates, upper dentition, and the vomer. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1036   state:published	Download 3D surface file

Hypisodus minimus SMNK-PAL 27213 View specimen

	M3#1033 CT image stack of a skull of Hypisodus minimus. Also shows numerous postcranial material including an atlas articulated with the occipital bone, the distal part of a left humerus articulated to radius and ulna, a part of a femur, a part of a tibia and fibula, unidentifiable tarsal bones, parts of the metatarsals II, III, IV and V and their phalanges, a proximal phalanx of digit III or IV, a middle phalanx of digit III or IV, a possible patella and calcaneus, as well as numerous unidentifiable broken bony fragments. Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1033   state:published	Download CT data
	M3#1035 3D surface models of a skull of Hypisodus minimus (SMNK-PAL27213). The data includes a surface model for: atlas, basisphenoid, tympanic bullae, nasals, occipital, the petrosals, and the inner ear. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1035   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Pochat-Cottilloux Y., Rinder N., Perrichon G., Adrien J., Amiot R., Hua S. & Martin J. E. (2023). The neuroanatomy and pneumaticity of Hamadasuchus from the Cretaceous of Morocco and its significance for the paleoecology of Peirosauridae and other altirostral crocodylomorphs. Journal of Anatomy, https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13887 

Hamadasuchus sp. UCBL-FSL 532408 View specimen

	M3#1094 3D volume reconstruction of the braincase osteology Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1094   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1096 3D volume reconstruction of the endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1096   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1097 3D volume reconstruction of the labyrinths Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1097   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1098 3D volume reconstruction of the pneumatic cavities Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1098   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the three-dimensional digital models of a part of the dental fossil material (the large specimens) of caviomorph rodents, discovered in late middle Miocene detrital deposits of the TAR-31 locality in Peruvian Amazonia (San Martín, Peru). These fossils were described, figured and discussed in the following publication: Boivin, Marivaux et al. (2021), Late middle Miocene caviomorph rodents from Tarapoto, Peruvian Amazonia. PLoS ONE 16(11): e0258455. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258455
  

Microscleromys paradoxalis MUSM 4643 View specimen

M3#1115 Fragment of left mandibule preserving dp4, m1 and a portion of incisor Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1115   state:published

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Ricardomys longidens MUSM 4375 View specimen

M3#1116 Fragment of left maxillary preserving DP4 and M1 (or M1 and M2) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1116   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4272 View specimen

M3#1117 Isolated left upper molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1117   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4275 View specimen

M3#1118 Isolated right upper molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1118   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4273 View specimen

M3#1119 Isolated left upper molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1119   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4276 View specimen

M3#1120 Isolated right upper molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1120   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4282 View specimen

M3#1121 Isolated right lower molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1121   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4281 View specimen

M3#1122 Isolated right lower molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1122   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4280 View specimen

M3#1123 Isolated left p4 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1123   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4277 View specimen

M3#1124 Isolated left lower dp4 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1124   state:published

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"Scleromys" sp. MUSM 4279 View specimen

M3#1125 Isolated right lower dp4 (mesial fragment) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1125   state:published

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gen.indet sp. indet MUSM 4283 View specimen

M3#1126 Isolated right lower p4 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1126   state:published

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Microscleromys sp. MUSM 4658 View specimen

M3#1127 Isolated left tarsal bone (astragalus) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1127   state:published

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Our knowledge of the external brain morphology of the late Eocene artiodactyl ungulate Mixtotherium, relies on a plaster model realized on a specimen from the Victor Brun Museum in Montauban (France) and described by Dechaseaux (1973). Here, based on micro CT-scan data, we virtually reconstruct the 3D cast of the empty cavity of the partial cranium MA PHQ 716 from the Victor Brun Museum and compare it to the plaster model illustrated and described by Dechaseaux (1973). Indeed, the specimen from which the original plaster endocast originates was not identified by Dechaseaux by a specimen number. We confirm here that the studied specimen was indeed the one described and illustrated by Dechaseaux (1973). We also reconstruct a second, more detailed, model providing additional morphological and quantitative observations made available by micro CT scan investigation such as precisions on the neopallium folding and endocranial volumes.
  

Mixtotherium cuspidatum MA PHQ 716 View specimen

M3#857 endocast of the brain cavity Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.857   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in the following publication: occurrence of the ground sloth Nothrotheriops (Xenarthra, Folivora) in the Late Pleistocene of Uruguay: New information on its dietary and habitat preferences based on stable isotope analysis. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-023-09660-w 

Nothrotheriops sp. CAV 1466 View specimen

M3#1129 Left humerus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1129   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in 3D Finite Element Analysis and Geometric Morphometrics of Sloths (Xenarthra, Folivora) Mandibles Show Insights on the Dietary Specializations of Fossil Taxa. Journal of South American Earth Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2023.104445 

Mylodon darwinii CAV 379 View specimen

M3#1159 Right hemimandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1159   state:published

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Scelidotherium leptocephalum MNHN-M 137,722 View specimen

M3#1160 Mandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1160   state:published

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Glossotherium robustum MNHN-M 914 View specimen

M3#1161 Mandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1161   state:published

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Lestodon armatus MPAC 899 View specimen

M3#1162 Mandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1162   state:published

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Valgipes bucklandi NHMD.Z.M.K. 1/1845:3540 View specimen

M3#1163 Mandible Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1163   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in The largest freshwater odontocete: a South Asian river dolphin relative from the Proto-Amazonia. 

Pebanista yacuruna MUSM 4017 View specimen

M3#1394 Holotype skull of Pebanista yacuruna MUSM 4017 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1394   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Mourlam, M., Orliac, M. J. (2017), Protocetid (Cetacea, Artiodactyla) bullae and petrosals from the Middle Eocene locality of Kpogamé, Togo: new insights into the early history of cetacean hearing. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2017.1328378
  

?Carolinacetus indet. UM KPG-M 164 View specimen

M3#132 left petrosal of ?Carolinacetus sp. from the locality of Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.132   state:published

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indet. indet. UM KPG-M 73 View specimen

	M3#133 labelled surface of the left petrosal Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.133   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#134 left bullaof Protocetidae indeterminate from Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.134   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#135 petrotympanic complex of Protocetidae indeterminate from Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.135   state:published	Download 3D surface file

?Carolinacetus indet. UM KPG-M 33 View specimen

M3#136 left auditory bulla of a juvenile specimen of ?Carolinacetus sp. from Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.136   state:published

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Togocetus traversei UM KPG-M 80 View specimen

M3#137 fragmentary right auditory bulla of Togocetus traversei from Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.137   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Dubied, M., Mennecart, B. and Solé, F. 2019. The cranium of Proviverra typica (Mammalia, Hyaenodonta) and its impact on hyaenodont phylogeny and endocranial evolution. Palaeontology. https://doi.org/10.1111/pala.12437 

Proviverra typica NMB Em18 View specimen

M3#355 The file contain the cranium (yellow) and the endocast (blue) of the facial part and the brain case part of the type specimen of Proviverra typica (NMB Em18). Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.355   state:published

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Using X-ray microtomography, we describe the ossification events during the larval development of a non-teleost actinopterygian species: the Cuban gar Atractosteus tristoechus from the order Lepisosteiformes. We provide a detailed developmental series for each anatomical structure, covering a large sequence of mineralization events going from an early stage (13 days post-hatching, 21mm total length) to an almost fully ossified larval stage (118dph or 87mm in standard length). With this work, we expect to bring new developmental data to be used in further comparative studies with other lineages of bony vertebrates. We also hope that the on-line publication of these twelve successive 3D reconstructions, fully labelled and flagged, will be an educational tool for all students in comparative anatomy. 

Atractosteus tristoechus At1-13dph View specimen

M3#94 At1-13dph : 13 dph larvae, 21 mm TL Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.94   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At2-16dph View specimen

M3#95 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 16 dph, 26mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.95   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At3-19dph View specimen

M3#96 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 19 dph, 27mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.96   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At4-22dph View specimen

M3#97 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 22dph, 30mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.97   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At5-26dph View specimen

M3#98 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 26 dph, 32mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.98   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At6-31dph View specimen

M3#99 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 31 dph, 39mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.99   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At7-37dph View specimen

M3#100 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 37 dph, 43mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.100   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At8-52dph View specimen

M3#101 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 52 dph, 46mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.101   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At9-74dph View specimen

M3#102 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 74 dph, 61mm SL. Not all structures are colored, only newly ossified ones. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.102   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At10-89dph View specimen

M3#103 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 89 dph, 63mm SL. Not all structures are colored, only newly ossified ones. You may find the tag file in the At1-13dph reconstruction data. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.103   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At11-104dph View specimen

M3#104 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 104 dph, 70mm SL. Not all structures are colored, only newly ossified ones. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.104   state:published

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Atractosteus tristoechus At12-118dph View specimen

M3#105 Atractosteus tristoechus larva, 118 dph, 87mm SL. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.105   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in Vautrin et al. (2019), Palaeontology, From limb to fin: an Eocene protocetid forelimb from Senegal sheds new light on the early locomotor evolution of early cetaceans. 

?Carolinacetus indet. SNTB 2011-01 View specimen

M3#398 3D model of an articulated forelimb of a Carolinacetus-like protocetid from Senegal Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.398   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in Solé F., Lesport J.-F., Heitz A., and Mennecart B. minor revision. A new gigantic carnivore (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the late middle Miocene of France. PeerJ.
  

Tartarocyon cazanavei MHNBx 2020.20.1 View specimen

M3#903 Surface scan (ply) and texture (png) of the holotype of Tartarocyon cazanavei (MHNBx 2020.20.1) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.903   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in the article Mennecart, B., and L. Costeur. 2016. A Dorcatherium (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Middle Miocene) petrosal bone and the tragulid ear region. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(6), 1211665(1)-1211665(7). DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2016.1211665. 

Tragulus javanicus 10028 View specimen

M3#119 3D surface of the left bony labyrinth of Tragulus javanicus NMB 10028 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.119   state:published

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Moschiola meminna C.2453 View specimen

M3#120 3D surface of the left bony labyrinth of Moschiola meminna NMB C.2453 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.120   state:published

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Hyemoschus aquaticus C.1930 View specimen

M3#122 3D surface of the right bony labyrinth of Hyemoschus aquaticus NMB C.1930 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.122   state:published

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Dorcatherium crassum San.15053 View specimen

M3#123 3D surface of the right bony labyrinth of Dorcatherium crassum NMB San.15053 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.123   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of the holotype mandible and referred fragmented skull of the new species Amphimoschus xishuiensis analyzed in the article Li, Y.-K., Mennecart, B., Aiglstorfer, M., Ni, X.-J., Li, Q., Deng, T. 2021. The early evolution of cranial appendages in Bovoidea revealed by new species of Amphimoschus (Mammalia: Ruminantia) from China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab053 

Amphimoschus xishuiensis IVPP V 25521.1 View specimen

M3#803 the holotype, a right hemimandible with tooth row p2 to m3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.803   state:published

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Amphimoschus xishuiensis IVPP V 25521.2 View specimen

M3#804 referred material, anterior part of a skull with right P4-M3 and left P3-M2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.804   state:published

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This contribution contains 3D models of the cranial endoskeleton of three specimens of the Permian ‘acanthodian’ stem-group chondrichthyan (cartilaginous fish) Acanthodes confusus, obtained using computed tomography. These datasets were described and analyzed in Dearden et al. (2024) “3D models related to the publication: The pharynx of the iconic stem-group chondrichthyan Acanthodes Agassiz, 1833 revisited with micro computed tomography.” Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 

Acanthodes confusus MNHN-F-SAA20 View specimen

M3#1470 3D surfaces representing the three-dimensionally fossilised head of Acanthodes confusus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1470   state:published

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Acanthodes confusus MNHN-F-SAA21 View specimen

M3#1471 3D surfaces representing the three-dimensionally fossilised head of Acanthodes confusus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1471   state:published

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Acanthodes confusus MNHN-F-SAA24 View specimen

M3#1472 3D surfaces representing the three-dimensionally fossilised head of Acanthodes confusus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1472   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in the article : Dubied et al. (2021), Endocranium and ecology of Eurotherium theriodis, a European hyaenodont mammal from the Lutetian. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 2021, https://doi.org/10.4202/app.00771.2020 

Eurotherium theriodis NMB.Em12 View specimen

	M3#381 NMB.Em12 unprepared specimen Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.381   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#382 NMB.Em12 cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.382   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#383 NMB.Em12 endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.383   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model of the brain endocast of Neoepiblema acreensis analyzed in “Small within the largest: Brain size and anatomy of the extinct Neoepiblema acreensis, a giant rodent from the Neotropics”. The 3D model was generated using CT-Scanning and techniques of virtual reconstruction.
  

Neoepiblema acreensis UFAC 4515 View specimen

M3#502 Brain endocast of Neoepiblema acreensis Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.502   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models illustrated and described in the chapter “Paleoneurology of Artiodactyla, an overview of the evolution of the artiodactyl brain” (Orliac et al. 2022) published in "Paleoneurology of amniotes: new directions in the study of fossil endocasts", edited by Dozo, Paulina-Carabajal, Macrini and Walsh.
  

Homacodon vagans AMNH 12695 View specimen

M3#1063 Endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1063   state:published

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Helohyus sp. AMNH 13079 View specimen

M3#1064 Endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1064   state:published

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Leptauchenia sp. AMNH 45508 View specimen

M3#1065 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1065   state:published

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Agriochoerus sp. AMNH 95330 View specimen

M3#1067 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1067   state:published

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Mouillacitherium elegans UM ACQ 6625 View specimen

M3#1068 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1068   state:published

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Caenomeryx filholi UM PDS 2570 View specimen

M3#1069 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1069   state:published

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Dichobune leporina MNHN.F.QU16586 View specimen

M3#1070 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1070   state:published

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Anoplotherium sp. not numbered View specimen

M3#1071 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1071   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model used in in the following publication: Interacting with the inaccessible: utilization of multimedia-based visual contents of Japan’s National Monument, the Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis (Mosasauridae) holotype for educational workshops at Mikasa City Museum. 

Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis MCM.M0009 View specimen

M3#499 Taniwhasaurus mikasaensis, Caldwell et al. 2008 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.499   state:published

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