The present 3D Dataset contains 3D models of the cranial, visceral, and pectoral endoskeleton of Iniopera, an iniopterygian stem-group holocephalan from the Pennsylvanian of the USA. These data formed the basis for the analyses carried out in Dearden et al. (2023) “Evidence for high-performance suction feeding in the Pennsylvanian stem-group holocephalan Iniopera” PNAS. 

Iniopera sp. KUNHM 22060, 158289 View specimen

M3#1034 plys of the head endoskeleton of Iniopera sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1034   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models illustrated and described in the chapter “Paleoneurology of Artiodactyla, an overview of the evolution of the artiodactyl brain” (Orliac et al. 2022) published in "Paleoneurology of amniotes: new directions in the study of fossil endocasts", edited by Dozo, Paulina-Carabajal, Macrini and Walsh.
  

Homacodon vagans AMNH 12695 View specimen

M3#1063 Endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1063   state:published

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Helohyus sp. AMNH 13079 View specimen

M3#1064 Endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1064   state:published

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Leptauchenia sp. AMNH 45508 View specimen

M3#1065 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1065   state:published

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Agriochoerus sp. AMNH 95330 View specimen

M3#1067 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1067   state:published

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Mouillacitherium elegans UM ACQ 6625 View specimen

M3#1068 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1068   state:published

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Caenomeryx filholi UM PDS 2570 View specimen

M3#1069 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1069   state:published

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Dichobune leporina MNHN.F.QU16586 View specimen

M3#1070 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1070   state:published

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Anoplotherium sp. not numbered View specimen

M3#1071 endocranial cast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1071   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Pochat-Cottilloux Y., Rinder N., Perrichon G., Adrien J., Amiot R., Hua S. & Martin J. E. (2023). The neuroanatomy and pneumaticity of Hamadasuchus from the Cretaceous of Morocco and its significance for the paleoecology of Peirosauridae and other altirostral crocodylomorphs. Journal of Anatomy, https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13887 

Hamadasuchus sp. UCBL-FSL 532408 View specimen

	M3#1094 3D volume reconstruction of the braincase osteology Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1094   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1096 3D volume reconstruction of the endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1096   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1097 3D volume reconstruction of the labyrinths Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1097   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1098 3D volume reconstruction of the pneumatic cavities Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1098   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in The largest freshwater odontocete: a South Asian river dolphin relative from the Proto-Amazonia. 

Pebanista yacuruna MUSM 4017 View specimen

M3#1394 Holotype skull of Pebanista yacuruna MUSM 4017 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1394   state:published

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The holotype of Hamadasuchus rebouli Buffetaut 1994 from the Kem Kem beds of Morocco (Late Albian – Cenomanian) consists of a left dentary which is limited, fragmentary and reconstructed in some areas. To aid in assessing if the original diagnosis can be considered as valid, the specimen was CT scanned for the first time. This is especially important to resolve the taxonomic status of certain specimens that have been assigned to Hamadasuchus rebouli since then. The reconstructed structures in this contribution are in agreement with the original description, notably in terms of alveolar count; thus the original diagnosis of this taxon remains valid and some specimens are not referable to H. rebouli anymore. 

Hamadasuchus rebouli MDE C001 View specimen

	M3#1402 Dentary and teeth Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1402   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1403 Toothmarks Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1403   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the three-dimensional models of the most complete and/or informative fossil materials attributed to Peradectes crocheti Gernelle, 2024, the earliest peradectid metatherian species of Europe, from its type locality (Palette, Provence, ~55 Ma). These specimens were analyzed and discussed in: Gernelle et al. (2024), Taxonomy and evolutionary history of peradectids (Metatheria): new data from the early Eocene of France. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-024-09724-5

  

Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2018.26.14 View specimen

M3#1499 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2018.26.14, fragmentary left maxilla with C-P1, anterior root of P2, and M1-M3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1499   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.6 View specimen

M3#1500 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.6, left P2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1500   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.7 View specimen

M3#1501 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.7, left M3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1501   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.8 View specimen

M3#1502 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.8, right hemi-mandible fragment with canine alveolus, posterior root of p1, partial p2, p3, partial m1, and m2-m3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1502   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.9 View specimen

M3#1503 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.9, leftm1-m4 row with fragments of dentary Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1503   state:published

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Peradectes crocheti MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.14 View specimen

M3#1504 3D surface model of MHN.AIX.PV.2017.6.14, right astragalus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1504   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the models analyzed in the publication: Menéndez L, Rios C, Acosta Morano C, Novellino P, Schmelzle T, Aguirre-Fernández G, Breidenstein A, Barquera R, Schuenemann VJ, Stafford TW, Sánchez-Villagra M, Barbieri C. (2025). A human skeleton from Última Esperanza, South-West Patagonia, Chile: Osteobiography, morphometric, and genetic analysis. The models include the skull, femur, and the segmented left and right inner ears of a late Holocene human skeleton from southern Patagonia. In the associated paper, we present the radiocarbon dating, an osteobiography profile evaluating some aspects of the life history of this individual, as well as genetic and morphometric analysis assessing biological relatedness to other individuals and populations.
  

Homo sapiens PIMUZ A/V 4612 View specimen

	M3#1650 Homo sapiens skull Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1650   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1652 Homo sapiens left inner ear Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1652   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1653 Homo sapiens right inner ear Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1653   state:published	Download 3D surface file

Homo sapiens PIMUZ A/V 4613 View specimen

M3#1651 Homo sapiens femur Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1651   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D digital models of some fossil specimens of Wamradolops telloi Stutz and Pozodolops manuelorum Stutz (Metatheria: Polydolopimorphia), from several Palaeogene locations of Peruvian Amazonia. These taxa were described and analyzed in detail in the following publication: Stutz et al. (2026), Hidden diversity of Palaeogene metatherians: a new family of polydolopimorphian marsupials from Peruvian Amazonia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlag006.
  

Pozodolops manuelorum MUSM 4029 View specimen

M3#1874 Pozodolops manuelorum, fragmentary left dentary with p3–m1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1874   state:in_press

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Wamradolops telloi MUSM 4032 View specimen

M3#1875 Wamradolops telloi, fragmentary right dentary with m1–m2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1875   state:in_press

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Pozodolops manuelorum MUSM 4036 View specimen

M3#1876 Pozodolops manuelorum, holotype, fragmentary right maxilla with M1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1876   state:in_press

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Pozodolops manuelorum MUSM 4041 View specimen

M3#1877 Pozodolops manuelorum, fragmentary right dentary with m1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1877   state:in_press

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Pozodolops manuelorum MUSM 4058 View specimen

M3#1878 Pozodolops manuelorum, fragmentary left P3 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1878   state:in_press

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Wamradolops telloi MUSM 4144 View specimen

M3#1879 Wamradolops telloi, fragmentary left dentary with p2–m1 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1879   state:in_press

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Wamradolops telloi MUSM 4179 View specimen

M3#1880 Wamradolops telloi, holotype, partial skull, with right P2–M4 and left I4–M3, plus boneless lower teeth below upper teeth, belonging to the same individual Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1880   state:in_press

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Wamradolops telloi MUSM 4221 View specimen

M3#1881 Wamradolops telloi, fragmentary of right dentary with p3–m2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1881   state:in_press

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This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Crochet, J.-Y., Hautier, L., Lehmann, T., 2015. A pangolin (Manidae, Pholidota, Mammalia) from the French Quercy phosphorites (Pech du Fraysse, Saint-Projet, Tarn-et-Garonne, late Oligocene, MP 28). Palaeovertebrata 39(2)-e4. doi: 10.18563/pv.39.2.e4  

Necromanis franconica UM PFY 4051 View specimen

M3#12 A partial left humerus from Pech du Fraysse (Saint-Projet, Tarn-et-Garonne, France), MP 28 (late Oligocene) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf12   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Neogene sloth assemblages (Mammalia, Pilosa) of the Cocinetas Basin (La Guajira, Colombia): implications for the Great American Biotic Interchange. Palaeontology. doi: 10.1111/pala.12244
  

cf. Nothrotherium indet. MUN STRI 12924 View specimen

M3#106 Fragmentary basicranium with posterior portion of the skull roof. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.106   state:published

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indet. indet. MUN STRI 16535 View specimen

M3#107 Complete left ulna of a Scelidotheriinae gen. et sp. indet. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.107   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in the article Mennecart, B., and L. Costeur. 2016. A Dorcatherium (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Middle Miocene) petrosal bone and the tragulid ear region. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(6), 1211665(1)-1211665(7). DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2016.1211665. 

Tragulus javanicus 10028 View specimen

M3#119 3D surface of the left bony labyrinth of Tragulus javanicus NMB 10028 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.119   state:published

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Moschiola meminna C.2453 View specimen

M3#120 3D surface of the left bony labyrinth of Moschiola meminna NMB C.2453 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.120   state:published

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Hyemoschus aquaticus C.1930 View specimen

M3#122 3D surface of the right bony labyrinth of Hyemoschus aquaticus NMB C.1930 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.122   state:published

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Dorcatherium crassum San.15053 View specimen

M3#123 3D surface of the right bony labyrinth of Dorcatherium crassum NMB San.15053 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.123   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Mennecart B., de Perthuis Ad., Rössner G.E., Guzmán J.A., de Perthuis Au., Costeur L. The first French tragulid skull (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Tragulidae) and associated tragulid remains from the Middle Miocene of Contres (Loir-et-Cher, France). Comptes Rendus Palévol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2017.08.004 

Dorcatherium crassum NMB Fa.213.abg View specimen

M3#181 The 3D surface files of the specimen NMB Fa.213 are the reconstructions of the main skull fragments, the right petrosal bone, and the left bony labyrinth. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.181   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: New turtles from the Late Cretaceous of Monte Alto-SP, Brazil, including cranial osteology, neuroanatomy and phylogenetic position of a new taxon. PalZ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-017-0397-x 

Yuraramirim montealtensis 04-0008/89 View specimen

M3#278 3D surfaces related to specimen MPMA 04-0008/89. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.278   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in: The Neogene record of northern South American native ungulates. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. Doi: 10.5479/si.1943-6688.101
  

Hilarcotherium miyou IGMp 881327 View specimen

M3#318 Right upper M2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.318   state:published

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Hilarcotherium miyou MUN-STRI 34216 View specimen

	M3#319 Right upper P4 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.319   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#320 Right upper M2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.320   state:published	Download 3D surface file

Falcontoxodon aguilerai AMU-CURS 585 View specimen

M3#321 Maxilla with left M3-P2 and right I2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.321   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model of the holotype of Simplomys hugi, the new dormouse species from the locality of Glovelier described and figured in the following publication: New data on the Miocene dormouse Simplomys García-Paredes, 2009 from the peri-alpin basins of Switzerland and Germany: palaeodiversity of a rare genus in Central Europe. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-018-0339-y 

Simplomys hugi MJSN-GLM017-0001 View specimen

M3#385 the left maxilla with four teeth ( DP4, P4, M1 and M2) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.385   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model of the fossil talus of a small-bodied anthropoid primate (Platyrrhini, Cebidae, Cebinae) discovered from lower Miocene deposits of Peruvian Amazonia (MD-61 locality, Upper Madre de Dios Basin). This fossil was described and figured in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2012), A platyrrhine talus from the early Miocene of Peru (Amazonian Madre de Dios Sub-Andean Zone). Journal of Human Evolution.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.07.005  

Cebinae indet. sp. MUSM-2024 View specimen

M3#380 Right talus 3D surface of a Miocene Cebinae indet. primate Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.380   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains two 3D models described in Tissier et al. (https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200633): the only known complete mandible of the early-branching rhinocerotoid Epiaceratherium magnum Uhlig, 1999, and a hypothetical reconstruction of the complete archetypic skull of Epiaceratherium Heissig, 1969, created by merging three cranial parts from three distinct Epiaceratherium species. 

Epiaceratherium magnum NMB.O.B.928 View specimen

M3#534 3D surface model of the mandible NMB.O.B.928 of Epiaceratherium magnum, with texture file. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.534   state:published

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Epiaceratherium magnum NMB.O.B.928 + MJSN POI007–245 + NMB.I.O.43 View specimen

M3#535 Archetypal reconstruction of the skull of Epiaceratherium, generated by 3D virtual association of the cranium of E. delemontense (MJSN POI007–245, in blue), mandible of E. magnum (NMB.O.B.928, green) and snout of E. bolcense (NMB.I.O.43, in orange). Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.535   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D surface model of the holotype cranium of the Late Jurassic thalassochelydian turtle Solnhofia brachyrhyncha described and figured in the publication of Anquetin and Püntener (2020). 

Solnhofia brachyrhyncha MJSN BAN001-2.1 View specimen

M3#536 Textured 3D surface model of the holotype cranium of the Late Jurassic turtle Solnhofia brachyrhyncha Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.536   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of the brain endocast analyzed in “Virtual brain endocast of Antifer (Mammalia: Cervidae), an extinct large cervid from South America”. 

Antifer ensenadensis U-4922 View specimen

M3#550 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.550   state:published

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Antifer ensenadensis MCN-PV 943 View specimen

M3#551 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.551   state:published

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This contribution contains 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles in an elephantfish (Callorhinchus milii) and a catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula), based on synchrotron tomographic scans. These datasets were analyzed and described in Dearden et al. (2021) “The morphology and evolution of chondrichthyan cranial muscles: a digital dissection of the elephantfish Callorhinchus milii and the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula.” Journal of Anatomy. 

Callorhinchus milii 001 View specimen

M3#708 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles of Callorhinchus milii, created using Mimics. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.708   state:published

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Scyliorhinus canicula 002 View specimen

M3#709 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles of Scyliorhinus canicula, created using Mimics. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.709   state:published

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