This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Billet G., Germain D., Ruf I., Muizon C. de, Hautier L. 2013. The inner ear of Megatherium and the evolution of the vestibular system in sloths. Journal of Anatomy 123:557-567, DOI: 10.1111/joa.12114. 

Megatherium americanum MNHN.F.PAM276 View specimen

M3#14 This model corresponds to a virtually reconstructed bony labyrinth of the right inner ear of the skull MNHN-F-PAM 276, attributed to the extinct giant ground sloth Megatherium americanum. The fossil comes from Pleistocene deposits at Rio Salado (Prov. Buenos Aires, Argentina). The bony labyrinth of Megatherium shows semicircular canals that are proportionally much larger than in the modern two-toed and three-toed sloths. The cochlea in Megatherium shows 2.5 turns, which is a rather high value within Xenarthra. Overall, the shape of the bony labyrinth of Megatherium resembles more that of extant armadillos than that of its extant sloth relatives. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf14   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Current knowledge on the skeletogenesis of Chondrichthyes is scarce compared with their extant sister group, the bony fishes. Most of the previously described developmental tables in Chondrichthyes have focused on embryonic external morphology only. Due to its small body size and relative simplicity to raise eggs in laboratory conditions, the small-spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula has emerged as a reference species to describe developmental mechanisms in the Chondrichthyes lineage. Here we investigate the dynamic of mineralization in a set of six embryonic specimens using X-ray microtomography and describe the developing units of both the dermal skeleton (teeth and dermal scales) and endoskeleton (vertebral axis). This preliminary data on skeletogenesis in the catshark sets the first bases to a more complete investigation of the skeletal developmental in Chondrichthyes. It should provide comparison points with data known in osteichthyans and could thus be used in the broader context of gnathostome skeletal evolution. 

Scyliorhinus canicula SC6_2_2015_03_20 View specimen

M3#50 Mineralized skeleton of a 6,2 cm long embryo of Scyliorhinus canicula Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.50   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Scyliorhinus canicula SC6_7_2015_03_20 View specimen

M3#51 Mineralized skeleton of a 6,7 cm long embryo of Scyliorhinus canicula Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.51   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Scyliorhinus canicula SC7_1_2015_04_03 View specimen

M3#52 Mineralized skeleton of a 7,1 cm long embryo of Scyliorhinus canicula Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.52   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Scyliorhinus canicula SC7_5_2015_03_13 View specimen

M3#53 Mineralized skeleton of a 7,5 cm long embryo of Scyliorhinus canicula Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.53   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Scyliorhinus canicula SC8_2015_03_20 View specimen

M3#54 Mineralized skeleton of a 8 cm long embryo of Scyliorhinus canicula Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.54   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Scyliorhinus canicula SC10_2015_02_27 View specimen

M3#55 Mineralized skeleton of a 10 cm long embryo of Scyliorhinus canicula Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.55   state:published

Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Neogene sloth assemblages (Mammalia, Pilosa) of the Cocinetas Basin (La Guajira, Colombia): implications for the Great American Biotic Interchange. Palaeontology. doi: 10.1111/pala.12244
  

cf. Nothrotherium indet. MUN STRI 12924 View specimen

M3#106 Fragmentary basicranium with posterior portion of the skull roof. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.106   state:published

Download 3D surface file

indet. indet. MUN STRI 16535 View specimen

M3#107 Complete left ulna of a Scelidotheriinae gen. et sp. indet. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.107   state:published

Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Albino, A., Carrillo-Briceño, J. D. & Neenan, J. M. 2016. An enigmatic aquatic snake from the Cenomanian of northern South America. PeerJ 4:e2027 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2027 

Lunaophis aquaticus MCNC-1827-F View specimen

M3#116 Articulated precloacal vertebrae of Lunaophis aquaticus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.116   state:published

Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Mourlam, M., Orliac, M. J. (2017), Protocetid (Cetacea, Artiodactyla) bullae and petrosals from the Middle Eocene locality of Kpogamé, Togo: new insights into the early history of cetacean hearing. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2017.1328378
  

?Carolinacetus indet. UM KPG-M 164 View specimen

M3#132 left petrosal of ?Carolinacetus sp. from the locality of Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.132   state:published

Download 3D surface file

indet. indet. UM KPG-M 73 View specimen

	M3#133 labelled surface of the left petrosal Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.133   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#134 left bullaof Protocetidae indeterminate from Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.134   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#135 petrotympanic complex of Protocetidae indeterminate from Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.135   state:published	Download 3D surface file

?Carolinacetus indet. UM KPG-M 33 View specimen

M3#136 left auditory bulla of a juvenile specimen of ?Carolinacetus sp. from Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.136   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Togocetus traversei UM KPG-M 80 View specimen

M3#137 fragmentary right auditory bulla of Togocetus traversei from Kpogamé, Togo Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.137   state:published

Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D model of the holotype of Chambius kasserinensis, the basalmost ‘elephant-shrew’ figured in the following publication: New remains of Chambius kasserinensis from the Eocene of Tunisia and evaluation of proposed affinities for Macroscelidea (Mammalia, Afrotheria). https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2017.1297433 

Chambius kasserinensis CBI-1-06 View specimen

M3#146 3D model of the holotype maxilla of Chambius kasserinensis. The 3D surface was extracted manually from the limestone matrix within AVIZO 9.2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.146   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Here, the semicircular canals of the most aquatic seal, the rare Antarctic Ross Seal (Ommatophoca rossii), are presented for the first time, along with representatives of every species in the Lobodontini: the leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx), Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii), and crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophagus). Because encounters with wild Ross seal are rare, and few specimens are available in collections worldwide, this dataset increases accessibility to a rare species. For further comparison, we present the bony labyrinths of other carnivorans, the elephant seal (Mirounga leonina), harbor seal (Phoca vitulina), walrus (Odobenus rosmarus), South American sea lion (Otaria byronia). 

Odobenus rosmarus MVZ 125566 View specimen

M3#173 Surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the walrus, Odobenus rosmarus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.173   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Phoca vitulina UZNH 17973 View specimen

M3#174 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the harbor seal, Phoca vitulina. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.174   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Hydrurga leptonyx MLP 14.IV.48.11 View specimen

M3#285 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the leopard seal, Hydrurga leptonyx. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.285   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Leptonychotes weddellii IAA 02-13 View specimen

M3#288 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the Weddell seal Leptonychotes weddellii. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.288   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Lobodon carcinophagus IAA 530 View specimen

M3#286 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the crabeater seal, Lobodon carcinophagus. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.286   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Ommatophoca rossii MACN 48259 View specimen

M3#176 Endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the Ross seal Ommatophoca rossii. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.176   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Mirounga leonina IAA 03-5 View specimen

M3#287 Right endocast surface of the semicircular canals and cochlea of the elephant seal, Mirounga leonina. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.287   state:published

Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: New turtles from the Late Cretaceous of Monte Alto-SP, Brazil, including cranial osteology, neuroanatomy and phylogenetic position of a new taxon. PalZ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-017-0397-x 

Yuraramirim montealtensis 04-0008/89 View specimen

M3#278 3D surfaces related to specimen MPMA 04-0008/89. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.278   state:published

Download 3D surface file

This note presents the 3D model of the hemi-mandible UM-PAT 159 of the MP7 Diacodexis species D. cf. gigasei and 3D models corresponding to the restoration of the ascending ramus, broken on the original specimen, and to a restoration of a complete mandible based on the preserved left hemi-mandible.  

Diacodexis cf. gigasei UMPAT159 View specimen

	M3#315 3D models of UM PAT 159 after the restoration of the ascending ramus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.315   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#316 restoration of a complete mandible based on the preserved left hemi-mandible UM PAT 159 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.316   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#317 3D model of the hemi-mandible UM PAT 159 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.317   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of brain endocast of traversodontid cynodonts studied in: Pavanatto et al. 2019. Virtual reconstruction of cranial endocasts of traversodontid cynodonts (Eucynodontia: Gomphodontia) from the upper Triassic of Southern Brazil. Journal of Morphology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21029 

Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum CAPPA/UFSM 0032 View specimen

M3#425 3D model of the brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.425   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Exaeretodon riograndensis CAPPA/UFSM 0030 View specimen

M3#426 3D model of the brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.426   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Exaeretodon riograndensis CAPPA/UFSM 0227 View specimen

M3#427 3D model of the brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.427   state:published

Download 3D surface file

The present contribution contains the 3D virtual restoration of a Pliocene Lutrine right femur of Tobène, Senegal, described and figured in Lihoreau et al. (2021) : "A fossil terrestrial fauna from Tobène (Senegal) provides a unique early Pliocene window in Western Africa ". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2021.06.013 

Indet indet SN-Tob-12-02 View specimen

M3#441 Virtual restoration of SN-Tob-12-02 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.441   state:published

Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of the holotype and the paratypes of the new species Siphonodella leiosa described and analyzed in the following publication: L. Souquet, C. Corradini, C. Girard: Siphonodella leiosa (Conodonta), a new unornamented species from the Tournaisian (lower Carboniferous) of Puech de la Suque (Montagne Noire, France). Geobios, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geobios.2020.06.004. 

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 1 View specimen

M3#525 Siphonodella leiosa, paratype, dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.525   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 2 View specimen

M3#526 Siphonodella leiosa, holotype, dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.526   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 3 View specimen

M3#527 Siphonodella leiosa, paratype, dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.527   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 4 View specimen

M3#528 Siphonodella leiosa, paratype, dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.528   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 5 View specimen

M3#529 Siphonodella leiosa, paratype, sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.529   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 6 View specimen

M3#530 Siphonodella leiosa, paratype, dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.530   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 7 View specimen

M3#531 Siphonodella leiosa, paratype, dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.531   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 8 View specimen

M3#532 Siphonodella leiosa, paratype, sinistral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.532   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Siphonodella leiosa UM PSQ 9 View specimen

M3#533 Siphonodella leiosa, paratype, dextral P1 element Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.533   state:published

Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model of a skull analyzed in “A Puma concolor (Carnivora: Felidae) in the Middle-Late Holocene landscapes of the Brazilian Northeast (Bahia): submerged cave deposits and stable isotopes”. The 3D model was generated by photogrammetry. 

Puma concolor MN 57461 View specimen

M3#843 Cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.843   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Our knowledge of the external brain morphology of the late Eocene artiodactyl ungulate Mixtotherium, relies on a plaster model realized on a specimen from the Victor Brun Museum in Montauban (France) and described by Dechaseaux (1973). Here, based on micro CT-scan data, we virtually reconstruct the 3D cast of the empty cavity of the partial cranium MA PHQ 716 from the Victor Brun Museum and compare it to the plaster model illustrated and described by Dechaseaux (1973). Indeed, the specimen from which the original plaster endocast originates was not identified by Dechaseaux by a specimen number. We confirm here that the studied specimen was indeed the one described and illustrated by Dechaseaux (1973). We also reconstruct a second, more detailed, model providing additional morphological and quantitative observations made available by micro CT scan investigation such as precisions on the neopallium folding and endocranial volumes.
  

Mixtotherium cuspidatum MA PHQ 716 View specimen

M3#857 endocast of the brain cavity Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.857   state:published

Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Aguirre-Fernández G, Jost J, and Hilfiker S. 2022. First records of extinct kentriodontid and squalodelphinid dolphins from the Upper Marine Molasse (Burdigalian age) of Switzerland and a reappraisal of the Swiss cetacean fauna. 

Kentriodon sp. NMBE 5023944 View specimen

M3#858 3D models of left periotic and bony labyrinth of NMBE 5023944 (Kentriodon sp.) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.858   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Kentriodon sp. NMBE 5023945 View specimen

M3#859 3D models of right periotic and bony labyrinth of NMBE 5023945 (Kentriodontidae indet.) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.859   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Kentriodon sp. NMBE 5023946 View specimen

M3#860 3D models of left periotic and bony labyrinth of NMBE 5023946 (Kentriodon sp.) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.860   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Kentriodon sp. NMBE 5036436 View specimen

M3#861 3D models of right periotic and bony labyrinth of NMBE 5036436 (Kentriodontidae indet.) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.861   state:published

Download 3D surface file

indet. indet. NMBE 5023942 View specimen

M3#862 3D models of right periotic and bony labyrinth of NMBE 5023942 (Squalodelphinidae indet.) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.862   state:published

Download 3D surface file

indet. indet. NMBE 5023943 View specimen

M3#863 3D models of left periotic and bony labyrinth of NMBE 5023943 (Squalodelphinidae indet.) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.863   state:published

Download 3D surface file

indet. indet. NMBE 5036437 View specimen

M3#864 3D models of left periotic and bony labyrinth of NMBE 5036437 (Physeteridae indet.) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.864   state:published

Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of an ilium, a vertebra, and a partial scapula of Prestosuchus sp. that were analyzed in “New Loricata remains from the Pinheiros-Chiniquá Sequence (Middle-Upper Triassic), southern Brazil”. 

Prestosuchus sp. UFSM11603 View specimen

M3#1080 Surface scan of a right ilium of Prestosuchus sp. with a 0.4 mm resolution. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1080   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Prestosuchus sp. UFSM11233 View specimen

M3#1081 Surface scan of a partial right scapula of Prestosuchus sp. with a 0.4mm resolution. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1081   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Prestosuchus sp. UFSM11602a View specimen

M3#1082 Surface scan of a anterior dorsal vertebra of Prestosuchus sp. with a 0.2 mm resolution. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1082   state:published

Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the three-dimensional models of the inner ear of the hetaxodontid rodents Amblyrhiza, Clidomys and Elasmodontomys from the West Indies. These specimens were analyzed and discussed in : The inner ear of caviomorph rodents: phylogenetic implications and application to extinct West Indian taxa.

  

Amblyrhiza inundata 11842 View specimen

M3#1154 3D surface of the left-oriented inner ear of Amblyrhiza. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1154   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Clidomys sp NA View specimen

M3#1155 3D surface of the left-oriented inner ear of Clidomys sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1155   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Elasmodontomys obliquus 17127 View specimen

M3#1156 3D surface of the left-oriented inner ear of Elasmodontomys obliquus. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1156   state:published

Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Martin, T., Averianov, A. O., Schultz, J. A., & Schwermann, A. H. (2023). A stem therian mammal from the Lower Cretaceous of Germany. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e2224848. 

Spelaeomolitor speratus WMNM P99101 View specimen

	M3#1257 3D_model_Spelaeomolitor_lower_molar Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1257   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1258 CT imagestack (jpgs) and info data sheet (pca file) in one zip folder Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1258   state:published	Download CT data

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model of the skull of the raoellid Indohyus indirae described in Patel et al. 2024.
  

Indohyus indirae RR 207 View specimen

M3#1259 dorsoventrally crushed skull Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1259   state:published

Download 3D surface file

Indohyus indirae RR 601 View specimen

M3#1268 dorsoventrally crushed skull Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1268   state:published

Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains 3D models of the cranium surface and of the bony labyrinth endocast of the stem bat Vielasia sigei. They are used by (Hand et al., 2023) to explore the phylogenetic position of this species, to infer its laryngeal echolocating capabilities, and to eventually discuss chiropteran evolution before the crown clade diversification. 

Vielasia sigei UM VIE-250 View specimen

	M3#1269 External surface of the cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1269   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1270 Virtual endocast of the right bony labyrinth Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1270   state:published	Download 3D surface file