This contribution contains the 3D model(s) described and figured in the following publication: The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models and CT-Scan slices of the lower jaws and teeth analyzed in “A new prozostrodontian cynodont (Eucynodontia, Probainognathia) from the Upper Triassic of southern Brazil”. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2020.1782415 

Agudotherium gassenae CAPPA/UFSM 0262 View specimen

	M3#546 Left lower jaw and cheek teeth Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.546   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#547 1578 slices Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.547   state:published	Download CT data

Agudotherium gassenae CAPPA/UFSM 0208 View specimen

	M3#548 right lower jaw Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.548   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#549 CT data of CAPPA_UFSM_0208 Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.549   state:published	Download CT data

The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in the following publication: Georgalis, G. L., and T. M. Scheyer. A new species of Palaeopython (Serpentes) and other extinct squamates from the Eocene of Dielsdorf (Zurich, Switzerland). Swiss Journal of Geosciences (in press). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00015-019-00341-6

  

Palaeopython helveticus PIMUZ A/III 631 View specimen

	M3#399 ZIP file containing .ply of vertebra PIMUZ A/III 631 from Palaeopython helveticus n. sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.399   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#403 dataset of snake vertebra PIMUZ A/III 631 Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.403   state:published	Download CT data

Palaeopython helveticus PIMUZ A/III 634 View specimen

	M3#400 ZIP file containing .ply of vertebra PIMUZ A/III 634 from Palaeopython helveticus n. sp. (holotype) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.400   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#404 dataset of snake vertbra PIMUZ A/III 634 (holotype) Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.404   state:published	Download CT data

Palaeopython helveticus PIMUZ A/III 636 View specimen

	M3#401 ZIP file containing .ply of vertebra PIMUZ A/III 636 from Palaeopython helveticus n. sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.401   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#406 dataset of snake vertebra PIMUZ A/III 636 Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.406   state:published	Download CT data

Palaeovaranus sp. PIMUZ A/III 234 View specimen

	M3#402 ZIP file containing .ply of dentary PIMUZ A/III 234 of Palaeovaranus sp. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.402   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#405 dataset of dentary of Palaeovaranus sp. (PIMUZ A/III 234) Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.405   state:published	Download CT data

In this contribution, we describe the external and internal morphology of a delphinid petrosal bone collected from Ahu Tahai, a burial site located on the Southwestern coast of Easter Island, at Hangaroa. We discuss the taxonomic attribution of this archaeological item and describe its internal structures based on µCT data, including the bony labyrinth and the nerve and vein patterns. Identification of the nerves exists lead us to relocate the identification of the foramen singulare in delphinid petrosals.

  

indet. indet. AT1 View specimen

	M3#420 Stapes Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.420   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#421 petrosal bone Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.421   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#422 in situ bony labyrinth Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.422   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#423 bony labyrinth and associated nerves and blood vessels Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.423   state:published	Download 3D surface file

The present 3D Dataset contains 3D models of the cranium surface and of the bony labyrinth endocast of the stem bat Vielasia sigei. They are used by (Hand et al., 2023) to explore the phylogenetic position of this species, to infer its laryngeal echolocating capabilities, and to eventually discuss chiropteran evolution before the crown clade diversification. 

Vielasia sigei UM VIE-250 View specimen

	M3#1269 External surface of the cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1269   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#1270 Virtual endocast of the right bony labyrinth Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1270   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D models described and figured in the following publication: Paulina-Carabajal A and Calvo JO 2021. Re-description of the braincase of the rebbachisaurid sauropod Limaysaurus tessonei and novel endocranial information based on CT scans. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 93(Suppl. 2): e20200762 https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200762 

Limaysaurus tessonei MUCPv-205 View specimen

M3#700 Renderings of the virtually isolate braincase, brain, and right inner ear. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.700   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models analyzed in Costeur L., Mennecart B., Müller B., Schulz G., 2016. Prenatal growth stages show the development of the ruminant bony labyrinth and petrosal bone. Journal of Anatomy. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12549 

Bos taurus NMB3038 View specimen

M3#124 Right bony labyrinth of a Bos taurus foetus (gestational age 115 days) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.124   state:published

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Bos taurus NMB3367 View specimen

M3#125 Right bony labyrinth of a Bos taurus foetus (gestational age 165 days) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.125   state:published

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Bos taurus NMB3365 View specimen

M3#126 Right bony labyrinth of a Bos taurus foetus (gestational age 210 days) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.126   state:published

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Bos taurus NMB2855 View specimen

M3#127 Right bony labyrinth of a Bos taurus foetus (gestational age 260 days) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.127   state:published

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Bos taurus NMB1037 View specimen

M3#128 Left bony labyrinth of an adult Bos taurus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.128   state:published

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This contribution provides the raw files for the μCT-scan data and renderings of the three-dimensional digital models of two fossil teeth of a geomyin geomorph rodent (Caribeomys merzeraudi), discovered from lower Oligocene deposits of Puerto Rico, San Sebastian Formation (locality LACM Loc. 8060). These fossils were described, figured and discussed in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2021), An unpredicted ancient colonization of the West Indies by North American rodents: dental evidence of a geomorph from the early Oligocene of Puerto Rico. Papers in Palaeontology. https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1388 

Caribeomys merzeraudi LACM 162478 View specimen

	M3#712 Right lower dp4: isolated deciduous premolar. The specimen was scanned with a resolution of 5 µm using a μ-CT-scanning station EasyTom 150 / Rx Solutions (Montpellier RIO Imaging, ISE-M, Montpellier, France). AVIZO 7.1 (Visualization Sciences Group) software was used for visualization, segmentation, and 3D rendering. This isolated tooth was prepared within a “labelfield” module of AVIZO, using the segmentation threshold selection tool. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.712   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#714 5µm µCT data set . Right lower dp4: isolated deciduous premolar. The specimen was scanned with a resolution of 5 µm using a μ-CT-scanning station EasyTom 150 / Rx Solutions (Montpellier RIO Imaging, ISE-M, Montpellier, France). Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.714   state:published	Download CT data

Caribeomys merzeraudi LACM 162449 View specimen

	M3#713 Right lower molar (m1 or m2). The specimen was scanned with a resolution of 4.5 µm using a μ-CT-scanning station EasyTom 150 / Rx Solutions (Montpellier RIO Imaging, ISE-M, Montpellier, France). AVIZO 7.1 (Visualization Sciences Group) software was used for visualization, segmentation, and 3D rendering. This isolated tooth was prepared within a “labelfield” module of AVIZO, using the segmentation threshold selection tool. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.713   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#715 µCT data at 4.5µm Type: "3D_CT" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.715   state:published	Download CT data

This contribution includes the 3D models of the reconstructed ossicular chain of the cainotheriid Caenomeryx filholi from the late Oligocene locality of Pech Desse (MP28, Quercy, France) described and figured in the publication of Assemat et al. (2020). It represents the oldest ossicular chain reconstruction for a Paleogene terrestrial artiodactyl species. 

Caenomeryx filholi UM PDS 3353 View specimen

M3#508 reconstruction of the middle ear with petrosal, bulla, stapes, incus, malleus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.508   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of brain endocast of traversodontid cynodonts studied in: Pavanatto et al. 2019. Virtual reconstruction of cranial endocasts of traversodontid cynodonts (Eucynodontia: Gomphodontia) from the upper Triassic of Southern Brazil. Journal of Morphology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21029 

Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum CAPPA/UFSM 0032 View specimen

M3#425 3D model of the brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.425   state:published

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Exaeretodon riograndensis CAPPA/UFSM 0030 View specimen

M3#426 3D model of the brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.426   state:published

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Exaeretodon riograndensis CAPPA/UFSM 0227 View specimen

M3#427 3D model of the brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.427   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models of the ossicles of a protocetid archaeocete from the locality of Kpogamé, Togo, described and figured in the publication of Mourlam and Orliac (2019). 

indet. indet. UM KPG-M 73 View specimen

	M3#407 stapes Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.407   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#408 Incus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.408   state:published	Download 3D surface file
	M3#409 Malleus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.409   state:published	Download 3D surface file

This contribution contains the 3D model of the fossil talus of a small-bodied anthropoid primate (Platyrrhini, Cebidae, Cebinae) discovered from lower Miocene deposits of Peruvian Amazonia (MD-61 locality, Upper Madre de Dios Basin). This fossil was described and figured in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2012), A platyrrhine talus from the early Miocene of Peru (Amazonian Madre de Dios Sub-Andean Zone). Journal of Human Evolution.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.07.005  

Cebinae indet. sp. MUSM-2024 View specimen

M3#380 Right talus 3D surface of a Miocene Cebinae indet. primate Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.380   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D models of the isolated teeth attributed to stem representatives of the Cebuella and Cebus lineages (Cebuella sp. and Cebus sp.), described and figured in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2016), Dental remains of cebid platyrrhines from the earliest late Miocene of Western Amazonia, Peru: macroevolutionary implications on the extant capuchin and marmoset lineages. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23052 

Cebus sp. MUSM-3243 View specimen

M3#282 3D model of left lower m1 (lingual part) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.282   state:published

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Cebuella sp. MUSM-3239 View specimen

M3#283 3D model of left lower p4 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.283   state:published

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Cebuella sp. MUSM-3240 View specimen

M3#294 3D model of right upper P3 or P4 (buccal part) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.294   state:published

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Cebuella sp. MUSM-3241 View specimen

M3#295 3D model of right upper P2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.295   state:published

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Cebuella sp. MUSM-3242 View specimen

M3#296 3D model of upper I2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.296   state:published

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The presented dataset contains the 3D surface scan of the holotype of Birgeria americana, a partial skull described and depicted in: Romano, C., Jenks, J.F., Jattiot, R., Scheyer, T.M., Bylund, K.G. & Bucher, H. 2017. Marine Early Triassic Actinopterygii from Elko County (Nevada, USA): implications for the Smithian equatorial vertebrate eclipse. Journal of Paleontology. https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2017.36 . 

Birgeria americana NMMNH P-66225 View specimen

M3#175 NMMNH P-66225 is from upper lower Smithian to lower upper Smithian beds (Thaynes Group). The collecting site is located about 2.75 km south-southeast of the Winecup Ranch, east-central Elko County, Nevada, USA. P-66225 is a partial skull preserved within a large limestone nodule, with its right side exposed. It preserves the portion between the cleithrum posteriorly, and the level of the hind margin of the orbital opening anteriorly. The fossil has a length of 26 cm. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.175   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model described and figured in the following publication: Hautier L, Sarr R, Lihoreau F, Tabuce R, Marwan Hameh P. 2014. First record of the family Protocetidae in the Lutetian of Senegal (West Africa). Palaeovertebrata 38(2)-e2 

indet. indet. SN103 View specimen

M3#5 SN103, partial left innominate. Age and occurrence – Taïba Formation, Lutetian of the near Taïba Ndiaye, quarry of the Industries Chimiques du Sénégal (ICS) Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf5   state:published

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This contribution contains 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles in an elephantfish (Callorhinchus milii) and a catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula), based on synchrotron tomographic scans. These datasets were analyzed and described in Dearden et al. (2021) “The morphology and evolution of chondrichthyan cranial muscles: a digital dissection of the elephantfish Callorhinchus milii and the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula.” Journal of Anatomy. 

Callorhinchus milii 001 View specimen

M3#708 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles of Callorhinchus milii, created using Mimics. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.708   state:published

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Scyliorhinus canicula 002 View specimen

M3#709 3D models of the cranial skeleton and muscles of Scyliorhinus canicula, created using Mimics. Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.709   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D models of the brain endocast analyzed in “Virtual brain endocast of Antifer (Mammalia: Cervidae), an extinct large cervid from South America”. 

Antifer ensenadensis U-4922 View specimen

M3#550 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.550   state:published

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Antifer ensenadensis MCN-PV 943 View specimen

M3#551 Brain endocast Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.551   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in the following publication: Paulina-Carabajal, A., Sterli, J., Werneburg, I., 2019. The endocranial anatomy of the stem turtle Naomichelys speciosa from the Early Cretaceous of North America. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, https://doi.org/10.4202/app.00606.2019 

Naomichelys speciosa FMNH PR273 View specimen

M3#428 FMNH_PR273_1 - Naomichlys speciosa - skull Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.428   state:published

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This contribution contains the 3D model of the holotype of Chambius kasserinensis, the basalmost ‘elephant-shrew’ figured in the following publication: New remains of Chambius kasserinensis from the Eocene of Tunisia and evaluation of proposed affinities for Macroscelidea (Mammalia, Afrotheria). https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2017.1297433 

Chambius kasserinensis CBI-1-06 View specimen

M3#146 3D model of the holotype maxilla of Chambius kasserinensis. The 3D surface was extracted manually from the limestone matrix within AVIZO 9.2 Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.146   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model analyzed in the following publication: occurrence of the ground sloth Nothrotheriops (Xenarthra, Folivora) in the Late Pleistocene of Uruguay: New information on its dietary and habitat preferences based on stable isotope analysis. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-023-09660-w 

Nothrotheriops sp. CAV 1466 View specimen

M3#1129 Left humerus Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.1129   state:published

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The present 3D Dataset contains the 3D model of a skull analyzed in “A Puma concolor (Carnivora: Felidae) in the Middle-Late Holocene landscapes of the Brazilian Northeast (Bahia): submerged cave deposits and stable isotopes”. The 3D model was generated by photogrammetry. 

Puma concolor MN 57461 View specimen

M3#843 Cranium Type: "3D_surfaces" doi: 10.18563/m3.sf.843   state:published

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